Listen to I–IV–V to establish the key, then identify the last chord: I (tonic) or V (dominant). A tonic closes the phrase.
Tonic (I)
Sounding pitches: C4 · E4 · G4 · F4 · A4 · C5 · G4 · B4 · D5 · C4 · E4 · G4
Use the opening I–IV–V as a key reference. The last chord is the part to identify.
The key is C major. After I–IV–V, the last chord is Tonic (I).
Dominant (V)
Sounding pitches: C4 · E4 · G4 · F4 · A4 · C5 · G4 · B4 · D5 · G4 · B4 · D5
Compare a final tonic with a final dominant after the same context. Listen back to the opening tonic if the reference fades.
The key is C major. After I–IV–V, the last chord is Dominant (V).
For aural examples, sounding pitch names are a listening reference. Written-note exercises preserve the displayed spelling.
Check the idea: The answer concerns the final chord’s role in this key.
Locate the first chord in memory, then decide whether the final chord returns to it or repeats V.
Identify the final function even as the key changes. Chord quality alone is insufficient because both candidates are major here.
Follow a fresh progression from its opening context instead of borrowing the home pitch of the previous one.
Each session starts with two guided questions, then your chosen practice set, followed by two new questions at a different tempo. First answers, same-question retries, and the final check have separate results.
Begin this lesson90 quarter-note BPM · 4/4 · With guidance
Tonic (I), Dominant (V)
Practice this level95 quarter-note BPM · 4/4 · Fewer hints
Tonic (I), Dominant (V)
Practice this level100 quarter-note BPM · 4/4 · Fewer hints
Tonic (I), Dominant (V)
Practice this levelThe teacher pack includes 10 fixed questions, replay controls, a student sheet, and a separate answer key. The printed key and downloaded JSON use the same questions.
Original synthesized audio · A4 = 440 Hz · mono, 48 kHz WAV.
These references explain the underlying definitions. The examples and practice sequences here are generated for Earstep.